(Forming
Props With Your Computer... pg 2)
Once you have the data in hand, all that remains
is to mark the wooden block and start whittling.
I’ve made a couple of props this way now,
and have a few observations to pass along that
may be helpful:
First is the choice of materials. For my first
block I used pine, which involved a fair amount
of work. For my second I chose balsa, and that
was much easier to carve. However, there is a
tradeoff – with the balsa it is much more
difficult to control the depth of the cut, and
much easier to remove too much material at once.
I imagine that this would get easier with practice
and, of course, a sharp knife is imperative in
order to have the maximum control of the cutting
process. You might want to experiment to see which
you prefer to use. Of course, the pine should
be less susceptible to denting and damage with
repeated use, too.
A second consideration is the thickness of the
block. All of the discussions that I had read
about carving forming blocks talked about the
thickness of the block, so I just assumed that
it was necessary to use the full thickness. Then
it occurred to me: if you can carve up to and
not go over the slanted line on top of the block,
then you can certainly do the same thing with
a horizontal line on the side of the block. That
is, you can mark the block so that you use less
than the full thickness, and end up with less
work. (refer to illustrations below.)
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The
ability to control the cut depends somewhat on
the grain of the wood. You will want to have the
grain running in the direction of the cut. It
is also easier to carve from the narrow end to
the wide end (see illustrations, below) as this
involves cutting both with the grain and into
the block. Cutting in the opposite direction tends
to tear the wood fibers rather than cutting them
cleanly.
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Fig. 2
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Figure 2 shows the block
marked and ready to carve. Since the layout
is a straight line, it only takes one measurement
(in addition to the zero point) to define
it, but it is a good idea to mark two or three
points just to help avoid mistakes. |
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Figure 3 shows the start
of the whittling process, cutting from left
to right. As mentioned above, start with a
sharp knife and keep it sharp. Some people
think that a dull knife will keep you from
cutting too much too fast, but in reality
it requires you to use more force which translates
into less control. |
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Fig. 3 |
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Fig. 4 |
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Figure 4 shows
the block nearing completion. |
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As illustrated in Figure 5,
frequent use of a straightedge will show when
enough wood has been removed. |
Fig. 5 |
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Fig. 6
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In Figure 6 I've switched
to a different knife blade to make some of
the finer cuts near the root of the prop blade
(In this picture the left side of the block
is the root, the right side is the tip, the
bottom, horizontal line is the trailing edge,
and the top, slanted line is the leading edge
of the prop). |
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Once the block is completed it should be given a
protective coating such as polyurethane varnish.
Remember, you will be placing wet balsa blades against
the block and leaving them to dry. |
Making the Prop Blades:
To use the block, I first cut out the blade shape
from a piece of thin balsa sheet (I've been using
a plastic blade as a template to get the basic outline
shape). Then I soak the blade in an ammonia and
water solution for ten minutes, blot off the excess,
and place it against the block. Next I place a sheet
of white bond paper over the blade and wrap several
pieces of masking tape over the paper to hold the
blade firmly against the block. Four to five hours
of drying time has been giving me good results.
Once the blades are formed I taper the edges with
sandpaper to give them a bit of an airfoil shape,
and then attach them to my hub. There are several
ways to do this - my current favorite is to cut
a slot in the end of the blade and attach a short
spar using slow-cure CA glue. Once the spar is properly
positioned I give it a shot of CA accelerator. I
then attach the blade to the hub by inserting it
in a socket made from small, flexible tubing (A
tissue tube might work as well for small models). |
Finally, Figure 7 shows a recently
completed blade and hub on my Grumman F6F Hellcat
“Mo-Cal” model. |
Fig.7
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